DT's Budget Blog

3.5.26 - Senate Education Budget Hearing

Written by The DT Firm | Mar 6, 2026 7:55:21 PM

Department of Education – Issue-by-Issue Breakdown

Hearing Context and Overview

    • The Senate Appropriations Committee convened on the final day of budget hearings for Governor Josh Shapiro’s proposed FY 2026–27 state budget.
    • The hearing focused on education funding priorities, school accountability, workforce development, early learning programs, and higher education access, along with ongoing debates over school choice and cyber charter funding.

Major Fiscal and Policy Issues Discussed

1. Overall Education Budget and Funding Priorities

Governor’s Proposed Education Investments

The administration outlined several key priorities in the proposed education budget:

    • Continued investment in basic education funding
    • Increased support for special education services
    • Expanded resources for student mental health supports
    • Continued investment in early childhood education programs
    • Workforce and career pathway programs tied to economic development

Legislative Concerns

Senators raised questions about:

    • The sustainability of the state’s increasing education expenditures
    • Whether funding increases are producing measurable improvements in student outcomes
    • How the state should balance investments across public schools, higher education, and workforce training programs.

Department Response

Department officials emphasized that the administration is prioritizing targeted investments aimed at improving student achievement and workforce readiness, particularly in underserved communities.

2. Basic Education Funding and School District Equity

Funding Formula Discussion

A significant portion of the hearing focused on the basic education funding formula, which is used to distribute state funding to school districts.

Key issues raised included:

    • Whether the formula adequately addresses disparities between school districts
    • How additional state funding is being directed to historically underfunded districts
    • Whether future increases should continue to flow through the formula.

Department Perspective

PDE officials emphasized that the formula was designed to improve equity and predictability in school funding and that continuing to allocate new funds through the formula remains a priority.

Legislative Questions

Some senators questioned whether additional funding alone will resolve educational disparities and asked whether structural reforms are also necessary.

3. Cyber Charter School Funding

Cyber Charter Cost Structure

Cyber charter schools were one of the most frequently discussed topics during the hearing.

Lawmakers raised concerns about:

    • The tuition formula used to fund cyber charter schools
    • Whether current payment levels exceed the actual cost of delivering online instruction
    • The financial impact of cyber charter enrollment on traditional public school districts.

Administration Position

Department officials indicated that the administration supports reforming the cyber charter funding model to better align payments with actual costs.

Legislative Perspectives

Some senators expressed support for maintaining parental choice through cyber charter schools while others emphasized the need for greater transparency and financial accountability.

4. Teacher Workforce and Staffing Challenges

Teacher Shortages

Several legislators raised concerns about ongoing teacher shortages, particularly in:

    • Rural school districts
    • Special education
    • STEM subject areas.

Department Response

PDE officials highlighted initiatives aimed at strengthening the educator workforce, including:

    • Expanded teacher recruitment efforts
    • Support for educator preparation programs
    • Initiatives designed to reduce barriers to entering the teaching profession.

Officials also discussed efforts to retain experienced teachers through improved professional support systems.

5. Special Education Funding and Services

Legislative Concerns

Senators asked about the adequacy of special education funding, noting rising service costs for districts.

Key questions included:

    • Whether current funding levels are sufficient to meet student needs
    • How the state tracks spending and outcomes related to special education programs.

Department Response

PDE acknowledged increasing costs but stated that the administration’s budget includes continued investment to support services for students with disabilities.

Officials also highlighted the importance of ensuring districts have access to trained special education professionals.

6. Early Childhood Education and Child Development

Early Learning Programs

The hearing included discussion of early childhood education programs administered by the Department of Education, including:

    • Pre-K Counts
    • Head Start Supplemental Assistance
    • Child development initiatives focused on school readiness.

Legislative Questions

Lawmakers asked about:

    • Waiting lists for early learning programs
    • The impact of early education investments on long-term student outcomes.

Department Response

Officials emphasized that early childhood programs are a key component of improving long-term educational achievement, particularly for students from low-income households.

7. Student Mental Health and School Safety

Rising Student Mental Health Needs

Members raised concerns about growing mental health challenges among students.

Topics discussed included:

    • The availability of school counselors and psychologists
    • School-based behavioral health services
    • Crisis response resources in schools.

Department Perspective

PDE officials stated that the administration’s budget includes continued investments to expand mental health supports in schools and strengthen partnerships with community providers.

8. Literacy and Academic Achievement

Literacy Initiatives

The hearing included discussion of state literacy initiatives designed to improve reading proficiency among early-grade students.

Key points included:

    • Expanding evidence-based literacy instruction
    • Supporting teacher training in reading instruction
    • Providing resources to districts struggling with low literacy outcomes.

Legislative Interest

Several senators asked about measurable improvements in literacy rates and how the state evaluates program effectiveness.

9. Postsecondary Education and Workforce Development

Higher Education Access

Questions were raised regarding state efforts to improve access to higher education and workforce training.

Discussion topics included:

    • Financial aid programs
    • Career and technical education pathways
    • Partnerships between educational institutions and employers.

Workforce Alignment

Department officials highlighted efforts to align education programs with workforce needs in sectors such as:

    • Manufacturing
    • Healthcare
    • Technology.

These initiatives are intended to strengthen Pennsylvania’s workforce pipeline.

10. School Accountability and Performance Metrics

Legislative Questions

Some senators asked whether increased funding should be tied to stronger accountability measures.

Topics discussed included:

    • School performance tracking
    • Academic outcomes
    • Use of standardized assessments.

Department Response

PDE emphasized that accountability systems are already in place but acknowledged that the state continues to evaluate ways to improve transparency and performance measurement.

Major Themes Emerging from the Hearing

1. Continued Debate Over Education Funding Levels

Legislators broadly agreed that education funding is a priority but differed on how additional funds should be allocated and evaluated.

2. Cyber Charter School Reform as a Key Policy Debate

Cyber charter funding reform remains one of the most contentious issues in Pennsylvania education policy.

3. Workforce Development Through Education

Both lawmakers and the administration emphasized the importance of connecting education programs with workforce needs.

4. Growing Focus on Student Well-Being

Mental health services and school safety are increasingly central to education policy discussions.

Bottom Line

The Senate budget hearing highlighted the significant role education spending plays in Pennsylvania’s overall budget and the complex policy questions surrounding how those funds should be used.

Key issues likely to shape the remainder of the budget process include:

    • Potential reforms to cyber charter school funding
    • Continued investment in basic education and special education
    • Workforce development initiatives tied to education programs
    • Expanded mental health and student support services.